Inductive vehicle

ABSTRACT

An inductively powered toy vehicle and an associated track with inductive charging segment. The vehicle may include a secondary coil, a drive motor, an electrical power storage device connected between said secondary coil and said drive motor, and a wireless communications unit. The charging segment may include a primary coil, a sense circuit operable to detect the presence of the vehicle based on a change in the detected impedance of the primary coil, and a power control unit operable to provide a time-varying current to the primary coil when the vehicle traverses the charging segment. The primary coil is positioned within the race track adjacent the track upper surface. The vehicle drive motor may be operable at first and second speed settings, and a remote control device can provide operating instructions to the vehicle wireless communications unit.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Nonprovisional applicationSer. No. 14/023,730, entitled “INDUCTIVE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES”, filedSep. 11, 2013, which is a continuation of U.S. Nonprovisionalapplication Ser. No. 12/622,465, entitled “INDUCTIVE TOY VEHICLE”, filedNov. 20, 2009 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,545,284), which claims the benefit ofU.S. Provisional Application No. 61/116,908, filed Nov. 21, 2008,entitled “INDUCTIVE TOY VEHICLE.”

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to providing inductive power to toyvehicles.

Electrically powered race track toys are known. Some are intended foruse on a grooved track surface, and are known as slot cars. These toyvehicles or slot cars are designed for use on a segmented electrifiedtrack surface that is equipped with a slot, for accepting a guide pinattached to the car, and a pair of electrical contacts on either side ofslot, also on the bottom of the car, for contacting matching wiresembedded in the track to provide power to the car's electric motor.Other cars are slot-less, and are retained on the track segments bycurbs or walls on either side. In the case of slot-less cars, most ifnot all of the track surface is equipped with electrical contacts toprovide power to the car's electric motor.

The toy cars are typically controlled by a hand-held controller, whichis connected by wire to the power supplied to the track. By varying theelectrical power, such as by a rheostat or digitally, the speed of thecars can be varied according to the user's discretion. In the case ofslot cars, steering is generally unavailable, as the slot and pin layoutprecludes deviation from the slot contained in the track. In slot-lesscars, some control may be available by varying the speed of the cars andby utilizing rudimentary steering inputs.

These toy cars, either slotted or slot-less, obtain electrical powerrequired for motion from the track surface. Thus, good electricalconductivity and physical contact is required throughout the entiretrack surface, or the cars may stop or perform erratically.Consequently, the electrical contacts must normally be kept clean bothon the track and on the cars. As the tracks are often placed in dustyareas, such as a floor surface, and electricity attracts lint and otherparticles, such as dust, users are often required to clean the track andthe contacts of the cars for good performance.

Another issue with the track segments involves the connection of thetrack segments to each other. As the track forms a circuit to conductelectricity from each track segment to the next, a strong connectionbetween segments is normally required. The connection must normallyprovide considerable strength between adjacent track segments, but alsoremain easily detachable for track redesign or storage. Over time, thesecontact areas between track segments can become worn and theconductivity degraded. Additionally, the wires embedded in the tracksurface can oxidize while exposed to air, reducing the conductivitypossible and reducing performance. The user will normally clean thewires with an eraser or contact cleaner to remove the oxidation. This istime-consuming and can be difficult, depending on the length of track tobe cleaned. A race track toy that addresses the issues discussed aboveand provides for more flexibility and user enjoyment is desired.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned problems are overcome by the present inventionwherein a vehicle toy system eliminates electrical contacts on both thevehicle and the track, replacing them with inductive elements. Awireless remote control allows users to operate the vehicle without anelectrical connection.

One embodiment of the toy vehicle system of the present disclosureincludes a track with at least one inductive coil charging portion, oneor more toy vehicles, each with inductive coil charging equipment, oneor more wireless controllers for operating the toy vehicles, and a powersupply that provides power to the at least one inductive coil chargingtrack portion.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure includes an inductive coiltrack portion that features a primary inductive coil in proximity to thetrack surface such that a vehicle coming into proximity of the surfacereceives an electrical charge.

Yet another embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehiclewith an inductive secondary coil for receiving electrical power from aninductive coil-equipped track segment.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle withan inductive secondary coil for receiving electrical power from a sourcethat is also connected to an electrical power storage device, such as acapacitor, a battery or the combination thereof.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes an inductiveprimary coil track segment that detects the presence of a toy vehicle byinductively pinging for the presence of a secondary inductive coil, suchas contained within a toy vehicle or remote control device.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle withspeed/throttle and/or steering controls broadcasting by a wirelesscontrol device to a receiver contained within the vehicle.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle operableat first and second speed settings based on a detected signal associatedwith a track, the vehicle including an electromagnetic sensor, amechanical sensor, or an optical sensor.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle withsteering operated by an electric relay device using wireless remotecontrol.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle or remotecontroller with power level or other performance indicators, such aslight emitting diodes (LEDs) to display information such as charge levelremaining.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle withsteering operated by an electric motor.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a toy vehicle withcomputer controls for monitoring performance, training purposes, andproviding entertainment variables.

An embodiment of the present disclosure includes a track portion with aprimary inductive coil. The track portion may include a sensor to detectthe presence of a vehicle, and provide power to the vehicle's onboardsecondary coil.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a toy vehicle equippedwith a secondary inductive coil, a primary inductive coil power station,and a remote control device for operating the toy vehicle.

These and other objects, advantages, and features of the invention willbe more fully understood and appreciated by reference to the descriptionof the current embodiment and the drawings.

It will be readily understood that the components of the presentdisclosure, as generally described and illustrated in the figuresherein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of differentconfigurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of theembodiments of the apparatus, system, and method of the presentdisclosure, as represented in accompanying figures, is not intended tolimit the scope of the disclosure, as claimed, but is merelyrepresentative of selected embodiments of the disclosure.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “anembodiment” (or similar) means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, appearancesof the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in variousplaces throughout this specification are not necessarily all referringto the same embodiment.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics maybe combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In thefollowing description, numerous specific details are provided, such asexamples, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of thepresent disclosure. One skilled in the art will recognize, however, thatthe disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specificdetails, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In otherinstances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shownor described in detail in order to avoid obscuring aspects of thedisclosure.

The illustrated embodiments of the disclosure will be best understood byreference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by likenumerals or other labels throughout. The following description isintended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selectedembodiments of devices, systems, and processes that are consistent withthe disclosure as claimed herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a track and associated toy vehicle inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A-D disclose a race track toy according to at least oneembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 discloses a race track toy according to at least one embodimentof the present disclosure.

FIGS. 4A-D disclose a plurality of race track toy embodiments.

FIGS. 5A-B disclose a toy vehicle according to at least one embodimentof the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 discloses a toy vehicle in accordance with at least oneembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 discloses a plurality of toy vehicles and remote controlsaccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 discloses a toy vehicle with secondary inductive coil andcontrols, and a track segment with primary inductive coil and powersupply control system, according to at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 9 discloses a circuit diagram for an inductive power track segmentwith inductive sense circuit according to at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 10 discloses a circuit diagram for an inductive power track segmentwith proximity detector according to at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 11 discloses a circuit diagram for the inductive power tracksection with sense circuit using infrared (IR) modulation according toat least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 discloses a circuit diagram for the present disclosure includinga sense circuit using a magnetic interaction and a Hall Effect sensoraccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 discloses a circuit diagram for the sense circuit usinginductive coupling to determine a toy vehicle position near the primarycharging coil according to at least one embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 14 discloses a process flow diagram for enabling and disabling thecharging circuit.

FIG. 15 discloses a process flow diagram for charging a car or a remotecontrol on a segment of track equipped with a primary inductive coilaccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 discloses a sensor sequence using an inductive sensor to turnpower on and off in a primary inductive coil track segment according toat least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 discloses a sensor sequence using light, IR or magnetic sensorsto turn power in the track segment primary coil according to at leastone embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 discloses a sensor sequence using light, IR, or magnetic sensorsto turn power on or off in the track segment primary coil according toat least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 discloses a diagram of the interoperability between the toyvehicle and the remote controller, whereby the energy storage in bothare inductively charged according to at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 20 discloses a diagram for the charging and energy storage systeminside the toy vehicle according to at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 21 discloses a circuit diagram for the charging and energy storagesystem inside the toy vehicle including a protection switch and a diodeaccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 discloses a circuit diagram showing AC mains power beingtransformed and rectified to provide DC power to the wireless powersupply to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 23 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating multiple track segmentswith primary inductive coils that are monitored by a drive controlleraccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 24 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating multiple track segmentswith primary inductive coils that are monitored by multiple drivecontrollers according to at least one embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 25 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating AC mains power beingtransformed and rectified to power multiple segments of track containingprimary inductive coils according to at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 26 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating radio frequency (RF)communication of an inductive coil equipped track segment according toat least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 27 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating a discrete drive andsteering control of a vehicle and a remote controller according to atleast one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 28 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating a continuous(proportional) control of drive and steering control of a car and aremote controller according to at least one embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 29 discloses a toy vehicle and start/finish line containinginductive coils according to at least one embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 30 discloses a toy vehicle and pit stop/gas station containinginductive coils according to at least one embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 31 discloses a toy train and railroad containing inductive coilsaccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 32 discloses a boat and dock/poolside containing inductive coilsaccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 33 discloses a toy helicopter and landing pad containing inductivecoils according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 34 discloses a toy aircraft and runway containing inductive coilsaccording to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT EMBODIMENT

With reference to FIG. 1, a toy vehicle system including an inductivelypowered toy vehicle 40, at least one track segment 42, and an associatedcontrol module 44 is shown. The vehicle 40 is drivable on a trackincluding at least one segment 42 having a wireless power supply togenerate an inductive field, wherein the vehicle 40 receives power fromthe inductive field when it traverses the track segment 42. Though shownas adapted for use on a circuit formed of multiple interconnected tracksegments 42, the toy vehicle 40 may also be used with only a singletrack segment 42 in combination with any suitable driving surface. Withreference to FIGS. 2A-2D, track segments 42 may be straight, curved, acombination of both, or other shapes, such as an intersection or a pitroad track segment. Plastic or other formable material may be used toconstruct the track segments, which optionally include connectors (notshown) to join other track segments together. These connectors allow fora smooth transition surface or joint between the track segments so as toallow for the toy cars or vehicles to pass between sections unhindered.Additionally, the optional connectors also allow for users to quicklydisconnect the track segments to make alterations to the track layout orassemble a new circuit. As shown in FIG. 2B, the track segment 42 iscurved in a constant radius, to allow the vehicles to make a ninetydegree turn. Track segments 42 may be formed of any shape however, suchas an intersection, sweeping curve, or other shape. Optional lateralbarriers or guard rails 43 may be used to contain the toy vehicles onthe track surface, since the toy vehicles can be steerable and guidepins are unnecessary. The guard rails 43 can help prevent vehicles fromexiting the track segments 42, unless using specific segments equippedwith exit ramps (not shown) where fences are omitted. The track segments42 can be easily presented in a circuit format as shown in FIG. 2C,where a number of straight and curved segments 42 or portions arearranged to form a circuit. Using the integrated connectors of the tracksegments 42, a complete circuit 45 is shown in FIG. 1D, whereby vehiclesmay lap repeatedly without leaving the circuit 45 due to the guard rails43.

A track segment 42 with a primary inductive element 46 is shown in FIG.3. The primary inductive element 46 can be any conductive elementoperable to produce a magnetic field when subject to a time-varyingcurrent, including a coil, for example. A power and control unit 48receives AC mains power from an external source (not shown), such as awall outlet, and transforms and rectifies it to supply power to thetrack segment 42. At least one optional sensor 50, 52 is shown as acomponent to the track segment 42. The sensor 50, 52 can detect thepresence of a vehicle entering and/or exiting the track segment 42. Inone embodiment, a signal may be communicated from the sensor 50, 52 tothe power and control unit 48 to power up the primary coil 46 if thesensor 50, 52 indicates that a vehicle is entering the track segment 42and power down the primary coil 46 if a vehicle is leaving the segment42. Additionally, the sensor 50, 52 may provide information for anoptional race status display unit 54. The optional race status displayunit 54 may display information such as the vehicle's lap speed andother performance parameters such as lap time, place, or other pertinentdata. Optionally, the vehicle 40 may be uniquely identified usingspecific resonant signals or other electronic marking, such as digitaltechnology, and the display unit 54 can determine which vehicle hasentered the track segment 42, or if multiple vehicles 40 enter, theirplaces can be accurately determined. The optional sensors 50, 52 may beembedded within the track surface 56, side rails 42, or attachable usinga fastening method, such as snap-on or adhesive. In this way, additionalsensors 50, 52 can be placed about the track 45 to measure performancein portions of a circuit, such as a racing training aid or performancemeter. While one primary inductive coil 46 is shown in a track segment42 in FIG. 3, multiple primary coils may be included in a track segment42 or other application suitable for coil shapes, such as a pad,start/finish line, or other suitable surface for engagement with avehicle. For example, a plurality of primary coils arranged in astaggered pattern or an array of coils allows for power to betransferred to vehicles with secondary coils in a number of variations.

FIGS. 4A-D are illustrations of various race track arrangements. Aprimary inductive coil segment or charging portion 56 is shown as a partof a race track circuit 44. For illustrative purposes only, an oval isshown; however a circuit of any shape may be constructed. The primaryinductive coil segment 56 is connected to a power, control, and racestatus unit 58 which provides mains power and optionally processes racecar performance data from the sensors (not shown) included in the tracksegment(s) 56. In another embodiment as shown in FIG. 4B, two primaryinductive coil segments 56 are shown as a portion of a race trackcircuit 45. For both segments 56, power, control, and race status unitconnections may be provided. In another embodiment as shown in FIG. 4C,three primary inductive coil segments 56 are shown as a portion of arace track circuit 45, each may be provided with connection to thepower, control, and race status unit 58. In yet another embodiment asshown in FIG. 4D, four primary inductive coil segments 56 are shown as aportion of a race track circuit 45, each provided with connection to thepower and race and control unit 58. By utilizing multiple primary coiltrack segments 56, the toy vehicle 40, for example a race car 60, mayreceive additional charging opportunities; data may be gathered abouttheir performance in multiple sections of the track, as well as otherperformance or entertainment data. For example, one primary coil segment56 could be located in a pit area, such that a vehicle 40 may pause and“refuel” by charging inductively. Additionally, the control unit mayretain a vehicle 40 in a segment 42 by sending a signal to the vehicleto deactivate it for a period of time, such as to serve a penalty or“black flag”.

Another feature of the present disclosure is the adaptability of thetrack segments 56 with inductive coils 46 to be equipped with adaptersfor use with other existing and future track circuits and vehicles, oras a stand-alone additional accessory for vehicles not requiring a trackcircuit. For example, an adapter attached to a track segment withinductive coils may be inserted into a track system, allowing forvehicles equipped with inductive secondary coils to use the trackcircuit. Further, the remote controllers may also receive charging fromthe inductive track segment 56 due to their own on-board secondarycoils.

FIGS. 5A-B are illustrations of a race car 60 according to at least oneembodiment of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5A, the race car 60 caninclude a body shell 62 and chassis 64 with various components. FIG. 5Bshows the race car 60 with the body shell 62 removed, revealing thechassis 64 with various components. The drive motor 66 is shown, whichis equipped with a gear that engages a second gear located on a driveshaft, connected to a pair of wheels. Note that in this embodiment, therear wheels of the race car 60 are the drive wheels, but in otherembodiments, the race car 60 may have front wheel drive or all-wheeldrive. Additionally, other means of providing power to the wheels may beused, such as a belt drive system, or individual motors may be locatedat some or all of the wheels. On the bottom of the chassis 64 is thesecondary inductive element 68, which selectively receives electricalpower when in proximity to a track segment 42 containing a primaryinductive coil 46. The secondary inductive element 68 can be anyconducting element adapted to generate a current when subject to atime-varying magnetic field, including a secondary coil, for example.The energy storage system 70 is shown in the middle portion of thechassis 64 in this embodiment, but may be located elsewhere on thechassis 64. As the coil 68 is energized, electrical power is transferredto the energy storage system 70, which may include a battery, acapacitor, a combination of both, or another suitable energy storagedevice. A microcontroller 72 includes an RF receiver or other wirelesscommunications device and is optionally located on the chassis 64. Themicrocontroller 72 receives signals from a control unit (not shown)which is operated by the user, by the track control unit, or by internalcontrol circuitry, such as a pace car or training aid. Themicrocontroller 72 can regulate the race car speed, steering, and othercontrol features, such as lights. In the current embodiment, thesteering mechanism 74 includes a relay, servomotor, or other means forchanging the front wheel direction so as to allow the user to steer therace car 60. Additionally, the rear or all wheels may also featuresteering for additional performance. As shown in FIG. 6, the secondarycoil 68 can optionally extend beyond the length and width of the wheelbase of the car 60, or circumferentially encompass the each of the fourtractive wheels. This configuration can achieve an enhanced transfer ofpower, with the secondary coil 68 optionally functioning as a bumper forthe car 60 during racing.

FIG. 7 illustrates a race car controller 76 and a race car 60.Additional race cars 78 may be controlled by additional controllers 80with complimentary, non-interfering, independent wireless communication.A controller 76 is shown with a number of control options, such as speedsetting, steering, and braking. Other, different, or fewer controls mayalso be included, such as a graphic display providing car data, lightcontrol, battery power remaining in the car and controller, as well asother features. A wireless link may be established between thecontroller 76 and race car 60. This link allows for the user to operateor drive the car 60 around a track circuit 45 or outside of a trackcircuit 45 if desired. The car 60 may be recharged by driving it onto orover a primary coil track segment 56 or other embodiment of a tracksegment, such as a pit stop or gas station (not shown). The wirelesscommunication may be RF, infrared, Bluetooth, or some other wirelesscommunication method. Optionally, the controller 76 may include variablespeed control and continuous steering control instead of discretesteering inputs.

FIG. 8 is a cutaway view of a toy race car 60 including a secondaryinductive coil 68 located on the car chassis 64, which receives energyand transfers it to storage device 70. The energy may be rectified in anoptional rectify unit 82. A power control 84 and a microcontroller 86receive energy from the storage device 70, which may be a battery,capacitor, combination of both or other suitable energy storage device.An RF communications circuit 88 receives energy from power control 84and the microcontroller 86, and can receive and transmit wirelesssignals to the user controller (not shown) to operate the race car 60. ADrive and Speed FWD/REV unit 90 is shown, which in this embodiment isthe rear drive wheels, including an electric motor and gear system.Steering control 92 is shown at the front of the race car 60, whichreceives signals from the microcontroller 86, which in turn receivessignal commands from the user remote control (not shown) as to whichdirection the user desires the race car to move. An ID unit 94 is shownwithin the race car 60, which includes unique car information that maybe transmitted to the race track power and race control unit (notshown). Such ID information could include type of vehicle, performancelevel, driver ID, or other information.

The drive motor 66 can be operated at multiple speed settings based on adetected signal associated with a portion of the track 45. For example,a first speed setting could be set by the vehicle microcontroller 86 toprevent the drive motor 66 from draining the energy storage device 70 toquickly. A second speed setting could be set by the microcontroller 86to provide increased vehicle speed during short intervals in whichincreased vehicle speed is desired, e.g., in a run-up to a ramp or loop.The microcontroller 86 can switch between speed settings in response toa signal associated with a portion of the track 45, for example, aninductively powered track segment 56. Upon receiving the signal,optionally through the secondary coil 68 or the RF circuit 88, themicrocontroller 86 could control the drive motor to increase or decreasethe power drawn from the storage device 70. The change in drive motorcontrol could be momentary (i.e., pre-set for a period of time) orpermanent (i.e., continuing until a second signal is detected during thecourse of the vehicle's movement about the track). As discussed ingreater detail below, the signal can also be generated by a magnet incombination with a Hall Effect sensor, an LED in combination with aphotodiode, or a mechanical switch in combination with an actuator, forexample.

As also shown in FIG. 8, a wireless power supply 106 including a primaryinductive coil 46 is shown embedded in a track segment 42. An inverter96 is shown connected to the primary coil 46, as well as amicrocontroller 98, which, in the current embodiment, receives signalsfrom the sense circuit 100 to activate when the race car 60 is inproximity to the track segment 42. A DC/DC converter 102 is connected tothe inverter 96 and microcontroller 98 and receives power from a DCinput 104. As shown in FIG. 9, the sense circuit 100 can be an inductivesense circuit 108. Power is supplied by mains input 110, which is thenrectified by mains rectifier 112. The inductive sense circuit 108monitors the impedance of the primary coil 46 and generates a signalwhich is analyzed by the control unit 114 to determine if a vehicle 40,for example a race car 60, is in the proximity of the primary coil 46.The inductive sense circuit 108 may also determine the identity of therace car 60 and monitor performance. The performance information canalso be used to monitor lap counts and race status, for example.Rectified power is sent through the DC/DC converter 116 and the inverter118 which energizes the inductive coil 68 if a race car 60 is inproximity. In another embodiment as shown in FIG. 10, the sense circuit100 can be a vehicle proximity sense circuit or proximity detector 120.By using a proximity detector 120, energy is conserved by onlyenergizing the primary coil 46 within the track segment 42 when a racecar 60 is in proximity, e.g., when the race car 60 traverses the tracksegment 42. Additionally, the activating of the proximity detector 120may be used to record laps or other performance data due to the uniqueidentification of each vehicle. Power is supplied by mains input 110,which is then rectified by the mains rectifier 112. The proximitydetector 120 determines if a vehicle is in proximity and generates asignal which is analyzed by the control unit 114. Rectified power issent through the DC/DC converter 116 and the inverter 118 whichenergizes the primary inductive coil 46 if a vehicle is in proximity.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a sense circuit 100using IR or wireless modulation, such as shown in FIG. 8. An IR or otherwireless transmitter 122 is located on a race car 60, which transmits asignal to the sense circuit 100. An IR or wireless sensor anddemodulator 124 receives the signal, which is amplified by amplifier 126before being sent to signal conditioner 128, which sends an outputsignal to the control unit (not shown) and receives power from therectifier (not shown). Each race car 60 may be equipped with an IRtransmitter or other wireless transmitter 122 which emits an encodedunique signal which is detected when the car 60 is present near thesense circuit 100, such as may be located in a primary inductive coiltrack segment 56. Information encoded on the transmitted signal is usedto identify the car, its performance, or other information.Additionally, optical sensors such as photoelectric eyes may also beused.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a Hall Effect proximitysense circuit 100 such as shown in FIG. 8. A magnet 130 is located oneach race car 60. The Hall Effect sensor 132 differentiates betweenparticular cars based on the unique magnetic signal of each magnet 130onboard each car. An arrangement of different sizes and polarorientations of the magnets 130 allows for multitudes of combinationsfor car identification. The signal generated by the Hall Effect sensor132 enters the amplifier 126 before being passed to the signalconditioner 128, which outputs the signal to the control unit (notshown) and receives power from the rectifier (not shown).

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an inductive sense circuit 108 showing arace car 60 or remote control 76, either of which being equipped with asecondary inductive coil 68 in proximity to the primary coil 46. Theprimary coil 46 may be located in a track segment 42 or other suitablelocation, such as a charging station or holster, or a pit garagelocation. The inductive sensor and signal generator 134 detects thepresence of a load 68 in proximity to the primary coil 46, optionallybased on a change the detected impedance of the primary coil when thecar 60 is proximate the inductive track segment 56, and sends a signalto the amplifier 126, which then passes the amplified signal to thesignal conditioner 128 for output to the control unit (not shown) as thesense circuit 108 continues to receive power from the rectifier (notshown).

FIG. 14 illustrates a process flow diagram describing one embodiment ofa race car or remote charge sequence. The primary coil 46 with sensorunit 100, such as enclosed within a track section 42, determines whethera car 60 is present, using a motion sensor 120 or inductive sensecircuit 108. If no car is present, the primary coil 46 remainsde-energized. If a car or remote is present, however, the control unitis powered up, which using sensors determines the car identity, speed,and other data, and transmits the data to the power and race controlunit 58. Power is then applied to the primary coil 46 for the period thecar 60 is present. Once the race car 60 has passed out of the presenceof the primary coil 46, or a foreign object is detected, the primarycoil 46 is de-energized until another race car 60 enters the proximityof the primary coil 46. Accordingly, the primary coil 46 provideswireless power to the car 60 in increments corresponding to successivetraversals of the inductive charging segment 56 by the race car.

FIG. 15 is a process flow diagram describing another embodiment of arace car or remote charge sequence. The primary coil 46 with sensor unit100, such as enclosed within a track section 42, determines whether acar 60 or remote control is present, using a motion sensor 120 orinductive sense circuit 108. If no car 60 or remote 76 is present, theprimary coil 46 remains de-energized. If a car 60 or remote 76 ispresent, however, the control unit 114 is powered up, which usingsensors determines the car identity, speed, and other data, andtransmits the data to the power and race control unit 58. Power is thenapplied to the primary coil 46 for the period the car 60 or remote 76 ispresent. Once the race car 60 has passed out of the presence of theprimary coil 46, the remote 76 is removed, or a foreign object isdetected, the primary coil 46 is de-energized until another race car 60or remote 76 enters the proximity of the primary coil 46, or until theforeign object is removed. Accordingly, the primary coil 46 provideswireless power to the car 60 in increments corresponding to successivetraversals of the inductive charging segment 56 by the race car.

FIG. 16 is a graph of one embodiment of a sensor sequence using aninductive sensor to energize and de-energize a primary inductor coil. Insection A, the inductive sensor 134 periodically checks for the presenceof a race car 60. As the car 60 enters the range of the sensor 134, theinductive sensor 134 detects the presence of a load 68 and activates theprimary coil 46, energizing it to provide power to the race car 60. Oncethe race car 60 has passed out of the range of the inductive sensor 134,the primary coil 46 is deactivated and the inductive sensor 134 returnsto a periodic checking mode, until the next race car 60 enters the rangeof the inductive sensor 134.

FIG. 17 is a graph of one embodiment of a sensor sequence with usingvarious sensing techniques, including light, IR, magnetic sensors, orother wireless communication. As a race car approaches a sensor, it iswirelessly detected, and the sensor signal is communicated to thecontrol unit which energizes the primary coil located in a tracksegment, for example. The sensor continues to detect the presence of thecar, and maintains the signal sent to the control unit.

FIG. 18 is a graph of one embodiment of a sensor sequence with usingvarious sensing techniques, including light, IR, magnetic sensors, orother wireless communication. As a race car approaches a sensor, it iswirelessly detected, and the sensor signal is communicated to thecontrol unit which energizes the primary coil located in a tracksegment, for example. The sensor continues to detect the presence of thecar, and maintains the signal sent to the control unit. After a periodof time, the car departs the range of the sensor, and primary coil isde-energized.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating the interoperability of aninductive wireless power supply 106, a toy vehicle 40, and a vehiclecontroller 76. As described above in connection with FIG. 14, thewireless power supply 106 can include a DC/DC converter 116 connected toan inverter 118 and microcontroller 98 and receives power from a DCinput 104. The wireless power supply 106 is shown as including aninductive sense circuit 108, but can also include a proximity detector120 as explained above in connection with FIG. 10. The toy vehicle 40and remote control 76 can each include an inductive secondary 68, arectify and charge control circuit 85 as described above in connectionwith FIG. 9, and a vehicle energy storage unit 70. In operation, thewireless power supply 106 provides a varying magnetic field to induce analternating current in the respective secondary coils 68 of the toyvehicle 40 and remote control 76. Once rectified by the rectifier andcharge control circuit 85, current supplied by the secondary coil can bestored in the energy storage unit 70. As shown in FIG. 20, the vehicleenergy storage device can include a charge control unit 136, a storagedevice 138 and a protection/regulation device 140. The storage device138 can include a battery, capacitor, combination of both, or otherstorage device. The voltage is conditioned to the appropriate values forthe subsequent circuit elements in the protection/regulation device 140.Output signals are produced by the protection/regulation device 140which indicate the charge state of storage device 138 and are sent tothe car control unit (not shown). As shown in FIG. 21, the vehicleenergy storage unit 70 includes a protection switch 142 and diode 144after the voltage input point. The switch 142 allows for the isolationof the energy storage circuit 70 if so desired and the diode 144constrains flow only into the charge control circuit block.

FIG. 22 is one embodiment of a circuit diagram of AC mains power beingtransformed and rectified in the DC power supply 146, which using acable 148, can be remotely located from the wireless race track powersupply 106, allowing for large track circuits and freedom from mainspower outlet locations.

FIG. 23 is one embodiment of a circuit diagram illustrating multipleinductive track segments 56 being monitored, powered and controlled by asingle drive controller 114. Mains voltage 110 is supplied to thewireless power supply 106. As the voltage enters the power supply, itfirst passes to the rectifier 112, after which the sense circuit 100monitors the presence of race cars (or other secondary coil-equippeddevices) at multiple track segments. A single drive control unit 114 isconnected to the multiple track segments, each with its own primary coil46. As race cars enter the proximity of the various coils, the sensecircuit detects their load and allows for power to the supplied to theparticular coil where a car is present, for the period that the car ispresent.

FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram illustrating multiple inductive tracksegments 56 being monitored, powered and controlled by multiple drivecontrollers 114. Mains voltage 110 is supplied to the wireless powersupply 106. As the power enters the power supply, it first passes to therectifier 112, after which the sense circuit 100 monitors the presenceof race cars (or other secondary coil-equipped devices) at multipletrack segments. Multiple drive control units 114 are connected to themultiple track segments, each with its own primary coil 46. As race carsenter the proximity of the various coils, the sense circuit detectstheir load and allows for power to the supplied to the particular coilwhere a car is present, for the period that the car is present.

FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram illustrating mains power being transformedand rectified to power multiple inductive track segments, including theseparation of the mains rectification and the DC/DC conversion from theremainder of the race track using a cable. Mains voltage is supplied tothe DC power supply 146, containing a rectifier and a DC/DC converter.Connected to the DC power supply is cable 148, which allows forseparation of the DC power supply and the wireless power supply 106,which includes an internal power supply 150, connected to a sense andsense control unit 100, which monitors the presence of race cars (orother secondary coil-equipped devices) at multiple track segments.Multiple drive control units 114 are connected to the multiple tracksegments, each with its own primary coil 46. As the voltage enters thepower supply, it first passes to the rectifier 112, after which thesense circuit 100 monitors the presence of race cars (or other secondarycoil-equipped devices) at multiple track segments. Multiple drivecontrol units 114 are connected to the multiple track segments, eachwith its own primary coil 46. As race cars enter the proximity of thevarious coils, the sense circuit detects their load and allows for powerto the supplied to the particular coil where a car is present, for theperiod that the car is present.

FIG. 26 is a circuit diagram illustrating one embodiment of RF remotecommunication of the inductive segments of race track, which allows forwireless control of the power supply and communication between thecomponents. A remote control unit 76 includes an input and controlinterface 153, a stored power device 70, such as a battery, and a RF orwireless circuit 152, which is connected to an optional antenna 154. Theremote control unit 76 communicates with the wireless power supply 106using RF, infrared, Bluetooth or other type of wireless communication.Mains power is supplied to the wireless power supply. There, mains poweris supplied to the RF/wireless communications circuit 156, though DCpower may also be used. Mains power is rectified by the rectifier 112,after which the output is monitored by the power supply control unit 114and the sense circuit 100, which also is connected to the RFcommunications circuit. The DC/DC converter processes the rectifiedpower and sends it to the inverter 118, after which the power is sent tothe primary coil 46, which is located in a track segment 42 or othersuitable location. The remote control 76, toy vehicle 40, or inductivetrack segment 56 can include a charge condition indicator (not shown) toprovide an indication based on the available charge remaining in astorage device 70 in either of the remote control 76 or toy vehicle 40.

FIG. 27 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating a discrete drive andsteering control of a car and a remote controller 76. Within thecontroller is a RF transmit and receive circuit 152, connected to aninput and control interface 153, which features operational controls,such as forward/reverse, turn right/left, and other vehicle controls.The remote controller 76 is powered by a stored power device 70, whichmay be a battery, a capacitor, a combination of both, or anothersuitable power storage device. The remote controller 76 also includes anantenna 154, which may be external or internal. The car drive controlcircuit 170 is located within a vehicle (not shown) and includes acharge storage device, which may be a battery, a capacitor, acombination of both, or another suitable power storage device. Thecharge storage device 156 is connected to a DC/DC converter 160, whichprovides power to the RF transmit and receive circuit 158. Signals fromthe circuit 158 are relayed to the microcontroller 86, which also ispowered by the DC/DC converter 160. The microcontroller controls thesteering control voltage unit 162 and the wheel drive voltage unit 164.The drive motor 168 receives regulated voltage from the wheel drivevoltage unit resulting in varying vehicle speed according to user inputon the remote controller 76. The steering solenoid 166 receivesregulated voltage from the steering control voltage unit 162 resultingin varying vehicle direction according to user input on the remotecontroller 76. As noted above in connection with FIG. 26, the remotecontrol 76, toy vehicle 40, or inductive track segment 56 can include acharge condition indicator (not shown) to provide an indication based onthe available charge remaining in a storage device 70 in either of theremote control 76 or toy vehicle 40.

FIG. 28 discloses a circuit diagram illustrating a continuous(proportional) control of drive and steering control of a car 60 and aremote controller 76. Within the controller is a RF transmit and receivecircuit 152, connected an input and control interface 153, whichfeatures operational controls, such as forward/reverse, turn right/left,and other vehicle controls. The remote controller is powered by a storedpower device 70, which may be a battery, a capacitor, a combination ofboth, or another suitable power storage device. The remote controller 76also includes an antenna 154, which may be external or internal. The cardrive control circuit 170 is located within a vehicle (not shown) andincludes a charge storage device, which may be a battery, a capacitor, acombination of both, or another suitable power storage device. Thecharge storage device is connected to a DC/DC converter 160, whichprovides power to the RF transmit and receive circuit 158. Signals fromthe circuit 158 are relayed to the microcontroller 86, which also ispowered by the DC/DC converter. The microcontroller controls theproportional steering control voltage unit 172 and the proportionalwheel drive voltage unit 174. The drive motor 168 receives regulatedvoltage from the wheel drive voltage unit resulting in varying vehiclespeed according to user input on the remote controller 76. The steeringsolenoid 166 receives regulated voltage from the proportional steeringcontrol voltage unit 172 resulting in varying vehicle directionaccording to user input on the remote controller 76.

FIG. 29 discloses one embodiment of an inductive charging segment 56including start/finish line 200 with a power supply 202 and a primaryinductive coil (not shown) located within the start/finish line. A car60 containing a secondary inductive coil 68 and control system (notshown) is controlled by a wireless remote controller (not shown), alsocontaining a secondary coil, operated by a user. As the user drives thecar 60 across the start/finish line 200, a charge is received by thevehicle's secondary coil 68 and is stored by the vehicle's onboardstorage device. This charge allows for the vehicle to continueoperating. For example, a user can position the start/finish line 200 inan area and create a custom race circuit, or simply place thestart/finish line 200 in an area that the user decides to operate thevehicle. A display (not shown) contained on the start/finish line 200and/or the vehicle 60 and its controller provide the user with chargelevel information. Optionally, the charging segment 56 can include oneor more ramps or inclines 203 extending from the lateral edges of thecharging segment 56 to permit a car 60 to drive onto and off of thecharging segment 56.

FIG. 30 discloses a charging segment 56 including a charge station orpit stop 204 with a power supply 202 and a primary inductive coil (notshown) located within the pit stop 204. A car 60 containing a secondaryinductive coil 68 and control system (not shown) is controlled by awireless remote controller (not shown), also containing a secondarycoil, operated by a user. As the user drives the car 60 across the pitstop 204, a charge is received by the vehicle's secondary coil 68 and isstored by the vehicle's onboard storage device. This charge allows forthe car 60 to continue operating. For example, a user can position thepit stop 204 in an area and create a custom race circuit, or simplyplace the pit stop in an area that the user decides to operate the car60. A display (not shown) contained on the pit stop 204 and/or the car60 and its controller provide the user with charge level information. Asuitable decoration such as a gas pump 206 may be used to identify thecharging location. Optionally, the charging segment 56 can include oneor more ramps or inclines 203 extending from the lateral edges of thecharging segment 56 to permit a car 60 to drive onto and off of thecharging segment 56.

Though described above in connection with a race car moveable along atoy race track, the present invention can also be incorporated in othertoy vehicles, including a toy train 192, a toy boat 194, a toyhelicopter 196, or toy airplane 198, for example. As shown in FIG. 31,the present invention can include a train 192 moveable along a railroadtrack 176 equipped with a primary inductive coil 46. Onboard the trainis a wireless control unit 170 according to the present disclosure, andpowering the railroad track primary coil is a power and control unitaccording to the present disclosure. As the user controls the train 192,it moves over the inductive coil 46 incorporated into the railroad tracksection. In doing so, a charge is received by the secondary coil 68onboard the train 192, which is stored in a suitable storage device. Thetrain's electric motor then powers the train about the railroad circuit,and receives another charge when it passes over the primary coilequipped track segment again. In this embodiment, a train engine,railroad car, trolley, or other rolling stock may be equipped withsecondary coils, energy storage devices, and other controls which may bewirelessly controlled by the user, or automatic in operation.Additionally, as disclosed above, a wireless remote control deviceequipped with a secondary coil and energy storage device is used tocontrol the train, though a traditional power supply may also be used,to send digital signals through the track while power is supplied byinductive coil. In another embodiment, the primary inductive coil 46 maybe incorporated in other railroad accoutrements, such as buildings,landscaping or the rail bed. Locating inductive coils about a trainlayout provides power to buildings, street lights, and other decorationswithout traditional wiring.

As shown in FIG. 32, the inductively powered vehicle can include amotorized boat 194 having a secondary coil 68 and control system 170 asdisclosed above. The boat 194 can be controlled by a wireless remotecontroller 76 including a secondary coil 68, and the primary inductivecoil 46 and associated power supply system circuitry 106 can beincorporated into a portion of a dock or a portion of a poolside 178,for example. As a user operates the boat 194 via the remote controller76, the boat 194 and/or controller 76 can include a charge conditionindicator (not shown) to display the charge level remaining in theboat's onboard energy storage device and control system (not shown) asdisclosed above. The display can allow a user to determine when toapproach the primary coil equipped portion of the dock or pool side 178.The user can move the boat 194 from that location when the vessel isfully charged, or leave early if desired. In order to maintain aproximity to the primary coil equipped portion 178, a magnet 180 orother restraining device may be used, which may be positioned to preventthe boat 40 from departing until a full charge is received, for example.

FIG. 33 discloses a helicopter 196 with a secondary inductive coil 68and control system 170 as disclosed above. The helicopter 196 iscontrolled by a wireless remote controller (not shown), also with asecondary inductive coil. A primary inductive coil 46 and power supplysystem is incorporated into a landing pad 182 or other suitable object.A user flies the helicopter 196 using the remote controller, and landsit on the landing pad 182 to receive a charge. The controller and/orhelicopter 196 provide the user with charge level status. When the userdesires, and the helicopter has sufficient charge, it may lift off andresume flight at the user's discretion. The primary coil 46 may belocated in other objects aside from a landing pad, such as a targetincorporated into a flying game.

FIG. 34 discloses an airplane 198 with a secondary inductive coil 68 andcontrol system as disclosed above. The aircraft 40 is controlled by awireless remote controller, also with a secondary inductive coil (notshown). A primary inductive coil 46 and power supply system isincorporated into a runway 184 or other suitable object. The user fliesthe airplane 198 using the controller and lands on the runway 184 for acharge. The controller and/or aircraft 198 provide the user with chargelevel status. When the user desires, and the aircraft 198 has sufficientcharge, it may lift off and resume flight at the user's discretion. Theprimary coil 46 may be incorporated into other aviation-related objects,such as a taxiway or aircraft carrier.

Accordingly, additional vehicles may utilize the inductive chargingtechnology as detailed above. For example, toy aircraft such ashelicopters or airplanes may be equipped with inductive coils and energystorage devices, along with control systems. A landing pad or runway mayalso be equipped with a primary inductive coil and power supply,enabling a user to land a craft on such a surface, similar to the tracksegments as in the race track, and receive a charge for the onboardstorage energy storage device. The user can then command the craft totakeoff, using a wireless remote control, and enjoy anotherelectrically-powered flight.

Trains may also be equipped with inductive charging technology. Forexample, a locomotive may include an inductive coil, energy storagedevice, and control system, and a railroad segment may include a primarycoil and power supply. A user, with a control unit, can command thetrain to move onto the segment, receiving a charge stored onboard. Thissegment could be, for example, a train station, coaling depot, or aplurality of segments spaced about a train track layout, each providinga charge to the train locomotive, or other cars being pulled by thetrain.

Motor boats may also be equipped with inductive charging technology. Aboat with a secondary coil can approach a dock, for example, which mayinclude a securing device, such as a magnet, for holding the boat to thedock. Within the dock is a primary coil and power supply. The boat, whenfully charged, is released by the dock or the user, and is able to driveabout the surface of the water, or underwater, if used in a submersiblecraft.

Although illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure have beendescribed herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is tobe understood that the disclosure is not limited to those preciseembodiments, and that various other changes and modifications may beaffected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from thescope or spirit of the disclosure.

The above description is that of current embodiments of the invention.Various alterations and changes can be made without departing from thespirit and broader aspects of the invention as defined in the appendedclaims, which are to be interpreted in accordance with the principles ofpatent law including the doctrine of equivalents. Any reference toelements in the singular, for example, using the articles “a,” “an,”“the,” or “said,” is not to be construed as limiting the element to thesingular.

1. A vehicle for traversing a charging circuitry having a primary coilconfigured to generate an inductive field, said vehicle comprising: asecondary coil; and a load electrically connected to said secondarycoil; wherein said load receives electrical power from said secondarycoil; wherein said vehicle is configured to perform an automated vehiclecontrol action for a pre-set period of time based on a signal associatedwith the charging circuitry when proximate the charging circuitry. 2.The vehicle of claim 1 wherein said load includes an energy storagedevice, the vehicle further including a charge condition indicator toprovide an indication based on the available charge remaining in saidenergy storage device.
 3. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein said loadincludes a drive motor and an electrical power storage deviceelectrically connected to said drive motor.
 4. The vehicle of claim 3wherein said drive motor is operable at a plurality of speed settingsbased on the signal associated with said charging circuitry.
 5. Thevehicle of claim 4 wherein said vehicle includes a sensor to detect saidsignal associated with said charging circuitry, said sensor being one ofan electromagnetic sensor, a mechanical sensor, and an optical sensor.6. The vehicle of claim 5 further including a microcontroller toregulate an operating parameter of said vehicle, said operatingparameter including at least one of vehicle speed and vehicle steering.7. A vehicle capable of traveling proximate an inductive chargingstation, said vehicle comprising: a controller; a secondary coil; and anelectrical power storage device electrically connected to said secondarycoil; wherein said controller is configured to initiate an automatedvehicle control action based on a signal associated with the inductivepower station, such that said vehicle performs said automated vehiclecontrol action when proximate said inductive power station and such thatsaid vehicle performs said automated vehicle control action for apre-set period of time.
 8. The vehicle of claim 7 including a displayunit to provide an indication of a charge level remaining in saidelectrical energy storage device.
 9. The vehicle of claim 7 including adrive motor electrically coupled to said electrical power storagedevice.
 10. The vehicle of claim 9 wherein said vehicle is configured todeactivate said drive motor when said vehicle is proximate saidinductive power station.
 11. The vehicle of claim 7 wherein saidautomated vehicle control action includes changing the speed of saidvehicle.
 12. The vehicle of claim 7 including an RF circuit to receivethe signal associated with said inductive power station, said RF circuitbeing separate from said secondary coil.
 13. A vehicle for traversing acharging circuitry having a primary coil configured to generate aninductive field, said vehicle comprising: a secondary coil; a loadelectrically connected to said secondary coil; a sensor configured tosense a signal associated with the charging circuitry; a controller inelectrical communication with said load, said controller configured todetect the charging circuitry based on the signal associated with thecharging circuitry, and said controller configured to perform anautomated vehicle control action for a pre-set period of time inresponse to said controller detecting the charging circuitry.
 14. Thevehicle of claim 13 wherein said sensor includes said secondary coil.15. The vehicle of claim 13 wherein said sensor includes an RF circuitto receive the signal associated with said charging circuitry, said RFcircuit being separate from said secondary coil.
 16. The vehicle ofclaim 13 wherein said sensor includes one of an electromagnetic sensor,a mechanical sensor, and an optical sensor.
 17. The vehicle of claim 13wherein said automated vehicle control action includes changing speed ofsaid vehicle.
 18. The vehicle of claim 13 wherein said load includes adrive motor and an electrical power storage device electricallyconnected to said drive motor.
 19. The vehicle of claim 18 wherein saiddrive motor is operable at a plurality of speed settings based on thesignal associated with said charging circuitry.
 20. The vehicle of claim13 wherein said controller is configured to regulate an operatingparameter of said vehicle, said operating parameter including at leastone of vehicle speed and vehicle steering.